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Broadly speaking, bearings are classified into two main types based on their operating principles:Rolling Bearings, which use rolling elements (balls or rollers), and Plain Bearings, which operate on the principle of sliding friction.The following is a breakdown of bearing types based on their elements and functions:Rolling-Element BearingsThis type is the most common because it has a low friction level.Ball Bearings: Use steel balls to reduce friction. Very effective for high speeds with low to medium loads.Deep Groove Ball Bearings: The most common type, can withstand radial loads and small axial loads (e.g., 6201, 6301 series).Angular Contact Ball Bearings: Designed to withstand large combined radial and axial loads simultaneously.Roller Bearings: Use cylinders or rollers as rolling elements. They have a much higher load capacity than ball bearings due to their larger contact area (line contact, not point contact).Cylindrical Roller Bearings: For very heavy radial loads at high speeds.Tapered Roller Bearings: Truncated cone-shaped, ideal for supporting heavy combined side and frontal loads (often on vehicle wheels).Needle Roller Bearings: Use very thin and long rollers, suitable for very limited spaces.Spherical Roller Bearings: Can automatically adjust themselves if shaft misalignment occurs.Based on Load DirectionBearing selection depends largely on the direction of the force acting on the shaft.Radial Bearings: Designed to support loads perpendicular to the shaft (e.g., wheel weight).Thrust Bearings: Designed specifically to support loads parallel to the shaft (thrust loads), such as those on vehicle clutches or ship propeller shafts.Meaning of Seal CodesOn the surface of the bearing, a letter code often indicates the type of seal:ZZ or 2Z: Has metal seals on both sides to resist coarse dust while still allowing very light rotation.RS or 2RS: Has a tight rubber seal. Excellent protection against water and fine dust, but slightly higher friction than metal types.Temperature & Clearance ClassificationSome bearings have additional codes such as C3 or C4:C3: Has slightly looser internal clearance to accommodate expansion due to engine heat (up to 100°C).C4: Used for more extreme temperature environments and higher speeds.
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